I. Imikorere yibanze yaImyanya ya Solenoid
Vallet valve, nkigice cyingenzi kuri electro-pnematike ihinduka, ibitugu inshingano zo guhindura neza ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi mubimenyetso bya pneumatike. Nyuma yo kwakira amabwiriza yo kugenzura, hashobora kurekurwa neza, hagarara cyangwa uhindure icyerekezo cyindege kidurumo, harimo kugenzura icyerekezo cyibikorwa byumukoresha wa pneumatike. Mu bwoko butandukanye bwa solenoid, kugenzura electromagnetic icyerekezo conters calve ifite umwanya wibanze kandi igira uruhare rukomeye.
II. Ihame ryakazi rya electromagnetic igenzura icyerekezo cya valve
Muri sisitemu ya pnematike, kugenzura electromagnetic icyerekezo cyo kugenzura valve igira uruhare runini. Ifite inshingano zo kugenzura gufungura no gufunga umuyoboro wikirere cyangwa guhindura icyerekezo cyuzuye umwuka ufunzwe. Ihame ryakazi ryakazi rishingiye ku fatizo ryamagorofa ryakozwe na coil electromagnetic. Izi mbaraga zizatwara Valve Core kugirango uhindure intego yo guhindura umwuka. Dukurikije uburyo butandukanye aho igenzura rya electromagnetic igice gisunikira igenzura ryerekezo, kugenzura icyerekezo cyerekezo cyimpapuro zirashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: gukina-mu buryo butaziguye. Gukora neza-gukurikiza Velenoid Valves Koresha neza imbaraga za electoragnetic kugirango utware icyerekezo cyindege cyanditseho umuvuduko windege windege kugirango ugere kuri valve yibanze kugirango ugere ku guhinduka.
Igishushanyo cya 1 cyerekana ko cyambukiranya igice cya 3/2 (inzira eshatu-ebyiri) mu buryo butaziguye-ibikorwa bya Vellenoid (mubisanzwe byubwoko bwafunguye) nihame ryayo. Iyo igiceri gifite imbaraga, Icyuma gihamye kizabyara imbaraga zihejuru Nkuko valve izamuka, igitero cyarakuweho, bityo gihuza ibyambu 1 na 2 mugihe gitandukanya ibyambu 2 na 3. Kuri iyi ngingo, Valve iri muburyo bwo kugenda kandi bushobora kugenzura kugenda kwa silinderi. Imbaraga zimaze gucibwa, Valve Core izishingikiriza ku kugarura Isoko yo kugarura isoko kugirango isubire muburyo bwambere, ni ukuvuga icyambu 1 na 2 birahujwe. Muri ubu buryo, valve iri muri leta yuzuye.
Igishushanyo cya 2 cyerekana uburyo bworoshye bwo kwambukiranya 5/2 (inzira eshanu-mumwanya wibintu) bikora neza-ibikorwa byumurongo wa solenoid (mubisanzwe byubwoko bwafunguye) nihame ryayo. Muri leta ya mbere, gufata umwuka bireba ibyambu 1 na 2, mugihe umunaniro ukorwa binyuze mubyambu 4 na 5. Iyo igiceri gifite imbaraga, Icyuma gihamye cyicyuma kibyara imbaraga zigorofa. Izi mbaraga zizatwara indangarugero yo gukora, hanyuma ikiruka cyo guhunika kizinjira muri piston Piston ya valve munzira yindege, bigatuma Piston itangira. Hagati ya piston, ubuso bwuzuye uruziga bufungura umuyoboro. Muri iki gihe, umwuka uva ku byambu 1 na 4, mu gihe umwuka usohoka ku cyambu cya 2 na 3. Imbaraga zimaze gutemwa, hazacika intege, izashingwa na valve y'indege izashingira ku kugarura imbaraga zo gusubira mu gihugu cyambere.
Ibikurikira, reka tuganire kumikorere ya valleve ya solenoid. Imikorere ya valve ya electromagnetic ihagarariwe numubare ibiri: m na n, byitwa inzira n-umwanya elecromagnetic valve. Muri bo, "n Umwanya" ugereranya imyanya yo guhinduranya igenzura ryerekezo, ni ukuvuga imiterere ya valve. Umubare w'imyanya ya valve ni agaciro ka N. Kurugero, valve ebyiri ifite amahitamo abiri, nibyo, ifite leta ebyiri. Umwanya wa Valve eshatu ufite uburyo butatu, ni ukuvuga hari ibihugu bitatu bitandukanye. "M Inzira" yerekana umubare w'intera yo hanze ya valve, harimo n'iziba ry'ikirere, hanze y'indege n'icyambu gishimishije. Umubare winzira ni agaciro ka M.
Fata valve ku gishushanyo cya 1 nkurugero. Nubudodo bwa 3/2 buyobora, ni ukuvuga, valve ifite imyanya ibiri, aribyo "kuri" na "off". Muri icyo gihe, ifite ibyambu bitatu: 1 ni inleti yo mu kirere, 2 ni isohoka mu kirere, naho 3 ni icyambu gihimbaro.
Isesengura ryumuyaga wa solenoid
Imbere yibumoso bwigishushanyo cyinzira ya gaze, ikimenyetso cyibumoso kugeza ahanini gihagarariye isoko yo hepfo. Igice cyo hagati numubiri wa valve, urimo amakuru yingenzi yo kugena ubwoko bwa valenoid. Kurugero, udusanduku tubiri two mu gishushanyo cyerekana ko iyi ari valve ebyiri, mugihe A / B / R / R / R / R / R / S zerekana imyanya yumubiri wa valve, ni ukuvuga valve-eshanu. Kubwibyo, iyi vallede ya solenoid ni umwanya wa kabiri-inzira ya doustoid. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, turashobora kumenya umubare wa bits n'umubare wa passes ya valenoid ya solenoid n'umubare w'inzoka n'umubare w'amasanduku.
Byongeye kandi, igishushanyo cya gaze cyerekana kandi inzira zikora gazi mugihe imbaraga zitaranutse nigihe imbaraga ziri. Iyo imbaraga zaciwe, inzira yo mu kirere yinjira mu mwobo p, ikora ku mukoresha unyuze mu mwobo a, hanyuma anyura mu mwobo B, amaherezo asohoka mu mwobo b, kandi amaherezo asohoka muri urwobo, mu gihe umwobo r akomeza gufungwa. Iyo ufashwe, inzira yindege nayo yinjira mu mwobo p, ariko muri iki gihe, umwuka usohoka ku mukinnyi uca umwobo a, amaherezo uva mu mwobo a, kandi amaherezo asohoka mu mwobo a, hanyuma arengana kuva umwobo
Igice cyiburyo cyigishushanyo cya 3 muri rusange kigereranya coil cyangwa umuderevu uduce duto, rugira uruhare runini mubikorwa bya Solenoid Valves. Mugusobanura ibishushanyo byinzirahuru, turashobora gusobanukirwa byimbitse ihame ryakazi rya valenod valve hamwe nigikorwa cyumuhanda mubihe bitandukanye.
Igishushanyo cya 4 cyerekana igishushanyo cyamashanyarazi cya pnemaic solene. Igishushanyo cyamashanyarazi nurufunguzo rwo gusobanukirwa ihame ryakazi rya valve ya electomagnetic. Irerekana neza ibiceri, imibonano, nubusabane buhuza nibindi bice byamashanyarazi. Mugukurikirana igishushanyo cyamashanyarazi, turashobora gusobanukirwa byimbitse kumashanyarazi ya vallet ya solenoid iyo ifunzwe, bityo yumve neza imiterere yakazi.
IV. Guhitamo Kugenzura Igenzura Selenoid no Kugenzura kabiri
Ikintu kimwe cyagenzuwe na valeval ya solenoid, nkuko izina ryayo ryerekana, bifite igiceri kimwe gusa. Iyo ushimiwe, bizahinduka kandi winjire mu kindi gihugu. Iyo imbaraga ziciwe, izahita isubira muri leta yumwimerere. Iri hame ryakazi ryerekanwa ku gishushanyo cya 5. Ibinyuranye, ingano ebyiri za electro-yagenzuwe na vallede ifite ibiyobyabwenge bibiri. Mu kugenzura ibihugu bihabwa imbaraga bya coil zitandukanye, birashobora kugera ku guhindura byinshi kandi biracyakomeza leta ya mbere nyuma ya Power-off, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 6. Itandukaniro rikora rigena amahitamo atandukanye muri porogaramu zifatika.
Igishushanyo 5 na 6 erekana amahame akorera yo kugenzura umuyoboro umwe kandi agenzura inshuro ebyiri- Mugihe uhitamo, niba igihe cyo guhindura valve ari gito, igenzura rimwe na vallede ya solenoid irahagije kuyikemura. Ariko, niba igihe cyo kugabanyirizwa igihe kinini, coil igomba guhora ikoreshwa kuri, zishobora gutuma igiceri gishyuha kubera imbaraga ndende-ndetse no gutwika. Kugira ngo wirinde iki kibazo, valve inshuro ebyiri zirashobora gutoranywa. Mubyongeyeho, niba imikorere yo gusubiramo igomba kugerwaho nyuma yo kunanirwa kwamashanyarazi, hagenzurwa na Valve imwe y'amashanyarazi solenoid irakwiriye. Niba ari ngombwa gukomeza leta iriho nyuma yo kunanirwa kwamashanyarazi, haza inshuro ebyiri valleve ikomeye cyane.
V. Itandukaniro na Porogaramu hagati yindege ikoreshwa na Solenoid hamwe na Autring-Acting Valves
Mu bwoko bwa selenoid valves, umuderevu-ikoreshwa kandi itaziguye - gukora nuburyo bubiri busanzwe. Biratandukanye mumahame yo gukora no gushyira mubikorwa. Umuderevu-ukorera yakozwe na solenoid yerekana gaze n'amazi binyuze mu mwobo, mugihe uyobora ibikorwa bya solenoid bishingiye ku itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko wo kugenzura imitwe ya valve. Itandukaniro rituma ubwoko bubiri bwa solenoid bufite ibyiza buri gihe mugihe ushubije kubisabwa bitandukanye. Kurugero, mubihe bimwe bisaba igisubizo cyihuse hamwe nubwenge buhanitse, hakurya-ibikorwa bya solenoid bishobora kuba bikwiye. Mubihe byo kugenzura neza no gukoresha ingufu nkeya birakenewe, indangagaciro zakozwe na solenoid irashobora kugira impande.
Igishushanyo mbonera cya Velenoid Valves iroroshye. Ihame ryabo rishinzwe cyane cyane ryishingikiriza ku mbaraga zigororoka kugirango dutware neza valve intangiriro yo gukora. Ariko, iki gishushanyo nacyo gifite amakosa abiri yingenzi. Ubwa mbere, kubera ibisabwa binini byimbaraga za electromagnetic, ingano ya coil ya electromagnet yiyongera kubwibyo, nayo iganisha ku gukoresha ingufu nyinshi. Icya kabiri, hakurikijwe umurongo wa Solenoid uruhererekane cyane cyane igitutu. Iyo igitutu kirenze imipaka runaka (mubisanzwe hejuru ya 0.7mpa), byinshi-bikora neza-bikora Vellenoid idashobora gukora neza. Ibi biterwa ahanini nigitutu kinini cyane gikora kuri Valve Core, bigatuma bigora imbaraga zikomato utwara valve ari intandaro yo gukora. Nubwo bimeze bityo, valenoid-yo mu buryo butaziguye kandi ifite kandi ibyiza byabo: imiterere yoroshye, igiciro cyiza hamwe no gutsindwa guke.
2. Umuderevu-ukoreshwa yakozwe na Verinoid yateguwe neza. Itererana imbaraga gakondo ya electronagnetic kandi ahubwo ikoresha igitutu ikirere cyo gutwara Valve Core gukora. Kuri sonenoid valess hamwe na diameter irenga 4mm, mubisanzwe bigizwe na valve yindege hamwe na valve nkuru. Nyuma ya valenoid valve ikoreshwa kuri, VILOT Valve izafungura kandi igenzure gufungura valve nkuru binyuze mubimenyetso byayo. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko mubyukuri valve igenzura pneumatike, kandi ibikorwa byayo bisaba ibikorwa bihujwe nibikorwa bibiri byikirere: Imwe ni isoko nyamukuru yindege, undi ni isoko yindege yindege.
Niba isoko nyamukuru yindege itanga umwuka kumurongo wumuderevu unyuze mu kirere cyimbere cya valleve ya solenoid, iki gishushanyo cyitwa ubwoko bwikipere yimbere. Niba umuderevu yahawe gaze hamwe na gaze kuva isoko itigenga isoko nyamukuru ya gaze, yitwa ubwoko bwicyitegererezo cyo hanze. Mu gishushanyo cya 8, uruhande rwibumoso rwerekana urugero rwicyitegererezo cyindege cyo hanze, mugihe uruhande rwiburyo rwerekana urugero rwicyitegererezo cy'icyitegererezo cy'imbere.
Kugereranya kumubiri hagati yubuyobozi bwimbere hamwe nubuyobozi bwo hanze bwerekanwa muburyo bukurikira.
Ubu bwoko bubiri bwa solenoid valess, ni ukuvuga umuderevu wimbere hamwe numuderevu wo hanze, akenshi kubana muri sisitemu imwe. Mubisanzwe, umuderevu w'imbere arashobora kuzuza ibyifuzo byinshi. Ariko, mubihe bimwe byihariye, ubuyobozi bwo hanze burakenewe cyane. Kurugero, iyo umuvuduko wa gaze wumuvuduko mwinshi wa valve kandi ushobora guta munsi 0.2mpa, kuko isoko ya squaum, kubera ko isoko ya gaze ya valve idashobora gusangirwa na valve nkuru idashobora gufungura. Kuri iyi ngingo, isoko yindege yigenga ifite igitutu kirenze 0.2Mpu isabwa guha imbaraga Valve yindege. Mubyongeyeho, iyo itandukaniro ryumuvuduko hagati yindege hamwe no hanze afite akamaro, cyangwa mugihe igitutu kinini cya Aaroy kirenze 1MPA, umuderevu w'imbere arashobora gukenera kongeramo ubunini bwindege kuri Valve Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core. Umuderevu wo hanze ukemura ikibazo cyo kumenyekanisha mu buryo butaziguye umuyoboro wa gazi mu cyambu cy'umuderevu utaba ngombwa kongeramo valve electomagnetic; gusa umuyoboro wo mu kirere ugomba kongerwaho.
Mu gusoza, umuderevu-ukorera umuderevu wa somenoid afite ibyiza byimitwe mito ya electomagnetic hamwe no gukoresha imbaraga nke. Ni byiza cyane kandi bikiza umwanya wo kwishyiriraho. Hagati aho, bitanga ubushyuhe buke kandi bufite ingaruka zidasanzwe zo kuzigama. Icy'ingenzi, bitewe nubushyuhe buke, coil ntabwo ikunze gutwikwa kandi irashobora gukoreshwa kuva kera. Ibi ni ngombwa cyane mubikorwa bifatika. Kurugero, imbaraga za selenoid ziva muri SMC zagabanutse kugera 0.1w, zifasha imbaraga zihoraho zitigeze. Imbaraga zijyanye na Velenoid ya Solenoid ni 4-20W, hamwe nububasha bugufi-ku gihe. Byongeye kandi, imbaraga zikunze kwinjiza ibyago byo gutwika. Kubwibyo, mubihe bitanga amashanyarazi igihe kirekire cyangwa mumirongo miremire irakenewe, indangagaciro yindege yakozwe na solenoid yatoranijwe. Mubyukuri, ibyinshi muri rusange bikunze gukoreshwa valeves muri iki gihe byashyizeho igishushanyo mbonera cyindege. Muri solenoid valess ihamye gusa amazi kunyuramo, mu buryo butaziguye-mutaziguye aracyabazwa kugereranyije runaka. Ibi ahanini biterwa nuko umwanda mumazi ashobora gufunga imiyoboro ya fete ifunganye.
Ibikurikira, tuzajya dusuzugura ubwoko butatu bwibintu bitanu-inzira eshanu-uburyo budodo: Gusumba-bifunze hagati, no hagati, nigitutu-giciriritse, kimwe na porogaramu zabo. Ubu bwoko bwa valler vallet ikoresha ibinyamakuru bibiri byamashanyarazi. Mugihe ntanumwe muri electomagnets ebyiri zifite imbaraga, Valve Core izaba iri mumwanya wo hagati munsi yisumbuye kumpande zombi. Kuri iyi ngingo, kuri leta ya gaze muri valenod valve ya solenoid izagena ubwoko bwihariye - Ikimenyetso cyo hagati, imihane yo hagati cyangwa umuvuduko wo hagati cyangwa umuvuduko uciriritse. Tuzasesengura amahame n'ibisabwa muri ubwo bwoko butatu bwa mbere.
1.Ibice bya leta yo hagati: Iyo nta na rimwe mu biceri byombi bifite imbaraga kandi igitutu cy'imbere n'inyuma ya silinderi bizaguma muri Leta nyuma yuko ibinyamakuru bitangwa kandi ntibizahinduka. Muri icyo gihe, ibyokurya byo gufata umwuka no guhinga bifunze. Ariko, kubungabunga iyi leta kuva kera birashobora gutuma bituma bigabanya amafaranga asigaye kubera kumeneka. Igishushanyo cya Schematic cyerekanwe muri (Ishusho 10).
Bitewe no gutuza gaze no kuba ibice byimisozi nka silinderi, indangagaciro hamwe ningingo za gaze zidashobora guterwa rwose, Ububintu budashobora kubungabungwa neza, umuyoboro udashobora kubungabungwa mumwanya muremure mugihe kirekire. Iyi leta iringaniye izabura buhoro buhoro mugihe, bikaviramo kugabanuka kwubahiriza silinderi. Ariko, kuri izo mikorere aho imyanya yukuri ya silinderi idasabwa cyane kandi igihe cyo guhagarara ni gito, Cyilinder yo hagati ifunze hagati, Cylinder yo hagati irashobora gufatwa nkibikorwa.
2. Uburyo bwo gucika bugufi: Iyo nta na rimwe mu biceri byombi bifite imbaraga, nta gitutu kiri imbere y'imbere n'inyuma ya Cylinder, kandi icyambu cyo gufata ikirere gikomeza gufungwa icyarimwe. Kuri iyi ngingo, igitutu kiri imbere n'inyuma ya silinderi kizasenywa ku byambu bibiri bishimishije bya vallet ya solenoid. Ihame ryayo rishobora kuvugwa ku gishushanyo cya 11.
Ugereranije na valve yo hagati, igishushanyo mbonera-gisenyuka cyo hagati gishobora gutanga igihe kirekire cyo guhagarika hagati. Mugihe cylinder aho cylinder ikeneye kwimuka mu buryo buhagaritse, hagati yo guhagarika hagati, ariko imyanya isabwa rwose ntabwo ari umuzenguruko utekanye cyane, Umuzenguruko wo hagati ni amahitamo akwiye kubitekerezaho.
3. Igitutu cyigitutu cyiciriritse: Mugihe nta nama zombi zifite imbaraga kandi igitutu cyimbere nibyumba byinyuma bizaguma muri leta mugihe impande zombi zabanjirije imbaraga zijyanye no kwemeza ko igitutu cyimbere kijyanye no kurangiza. Kuri iyi ngingo, gufata umwuka birakinguye mugihe umunaniro ufunze. Ihame ryakazi ryerekanwe ku gishushanyo cya 12.
Niba silinderi idakorerwa ingufu zishinzwe imitwaro yo hanze, Piston izaguma muri leta iringaniye bityo ikagumaho neza umwanya uwo ari wo wose mugihe cyo gutwika. Ibiranga uyu muzunguruko bisaba ko Cylinder agomba gushyirwaho mu buryo butambitse. Kubwibyo, mubikorwa byakazi aho imyanya ihanishwa cyane irakenewe kandi nta mbaraga zishinzwe imitwaro yo hanze, birasabwa gukoresha valide-chadeclium valve ihuza na siston yaka.
